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智能变电站双重化智能终端防跳回路的分析

 国网襄阳供电公司的研究人员凡红涛、张勇刚,在2016年第2期《电气技术》杂志上撰文指出,220kV智能化变电站中,220kV断路器一般配置双重化的智能终端,相当于两套独立的操作箱。


  与常规综自站带双跳功能单操作箱相比,其防跳回路实现方式不同。本文在对常规操作箱防跳回路分析的基础上,提出了双重化智能终端防跳回路实现的方法。


  根据国家电网公司的“十二五”电网发展规划,110kV及以上电压等级的新建变电站均为智能化变电站,传统的综自变电站将逐步改造为智能化变电站。智能化变电站的220kV断路器机构一般配置双重化的智能终端。双重化智能终端在操作回路上的功能相当于两套独立的操作箱。


  与传统的带双跳功能的单操作箱相比,双重化智能终端操作回路的独立性较强。在Q/GDW161-2007《线路保护及辅助装置标准化设计规范》8.1.2条中规定断路器防跳功能应由断路器本体机构实现。


  因此,按照高压断路器相关标准规范的要求,新出厂的220kV断路器机构本体均带有防跳回路,操作箱的防跳回路通常不使用。然而在一些旧综自站的智能化改造施工过程中,发现许多较老的断路器机构本体不具备防跳功能。这类断路器的防跳功能必须由智能终端来实现。


  1 传统带双跳操作箱的防跳回路原理分析


  防跳回路的功能为:当手合或重合到故障,而且合闸脉冲较长时,或者合闸接点粘死时,为防止断路器跳开后又多次合闸,造成断路器损坏,故设有防跳回路。传统的 220kV断路器机构使用的操作箱,有两组分相跳闸回路,一组分相合闸回路。操作箱防跳回路的动作原理如图1所示(回路进行了适当的简化),当手合或重合到故障上,断路器跳闸时,TJa接通,跳闸回路的11TBIJa跳闸保持,12TBIJa(22TBIJa为第二组跳闸)接点闭合,启动 1TBUJa,1TBUJa动作后启动2TBUJa,2TBUJa通过其自身接点在合闸脉冲存在情况下自保持,于是这两组串入合闸回路的继电器的常闭接点断开,切断合闸回路,避免断路器多次跳合。通过以上分析,我们可以看出两组跳闸回路均具有防跳功能。


  2 双重化智能终端防跳回路的特点


  智能化变电站的220kV断路器配置双重化智能终端,两套智能终端均具有独立完善的跳合闸回路。因为断路器只有一组合闸线圈,所以在与断路器机构配合中,第一套智能终端主要功能为第一组跳闸和合闸;第二套智能终端的主要功能为第二组跳闸,且与第一组操作箱相互独立,其合闸回路功能不使用。

  因此,其第二组跳闸回路防跳功能的实现与单操作箱相比有很大的不同。如图2所示,我们先对第一套智能终端的防跳回路进行分析,其实现方式为:当跳闸脉冲存在(TJa接通)或者手分,且合闸脉冲未返回时,串接在跳闸回路中的TBJa或者手跳接点STBJa接通,启动防跳继电器1TBJUa,1TBJUa常开接点接通并自保持,常闭接点断开合闸回路,实现第一套智能终端防跳功能。


  然而,当第二套智能终端跳闸时,因断路器合闸回路接在第一套智能终端,且第二组跳闸回路与第一套智能终端独立,因此合闸回路的防跳继电器1TBJUa将不能启动,其防跳功能将不能实现。

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